terraform/command/init.go

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package command
import (
"fmt"
"log"
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"os"
"sort"
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"strings"
"github.com/posener/complete"
multierror "github.com/hashicorp/go-multierror"
"github.com/hashicorp/terraform/backend"
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"github.com/hashicorp/terraform/config"
"github.com/hashicorp/terraform/config/module"
"github.com/hashicorp/terraform/helper/variables"
"github.com/hashicorp/terraform/plugin"
"github.com/hashicorp/terraform/plugin/discovery"
"github.com/hashicorp/terraform/terraform"
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)
// InitCommand is a Command implementation that takes a Terraform
// module and clones it to the working directory.
type InitCommand struct {
Meta
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// getPlugins is for the -get-plugins flag
getPlugins bool
// providerInstaller is used to download and install providers that
// aren't found locally. This uses a discovery.ProviderInstaller instance
// by default, but it can be overridden here as a way to mock fetching
// providers for tests.
providerInstaller discovery.Installer
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}
func (c *InitCommand) Run(args []string) int {
var flagFromModule string
var flagBackend, flagGet, flagUpgrade bool
var flagConfigExtra map[string]interface{}
var flagPluginPath FlagStringSlice
var flagVerifyPlugins bool
args, err := c.Meta.process(args, false)
if err != nil {
return 1
}
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cmdFlags := c.flagSet("init")
cmdFlags.BoolVar(&flagBackend, "backend", true, "")
cmdFlags.Var((*variables.FlagAny)(&flagConfigExtra), "backend-config", "")
cmdFlags.StringVar(&flagFromModule, "from-module", "", "copy the source of the given module into the directory before init")
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cmdFlags.BoolVar(&flagGet, "get", true, "")
cmdFlags.BoolVar(&c.getPlugins, "get-plugins", true, "")
cmdFlags.BoolVar(&c.forceInitCopy, "force-copy", false, "suppress prompts about copying state data")
cmdFlags.BoolVar(&c.Meta.stateLock, "lock", true, "lock state")
cmdFlags.DurationVar(&c.Meta.stateLockTimeout, "lock-timeout", 0, "lock timeout")
cmdFlags.BoolVar(&c.reconfigure, "reconfigure", false, "reconfigure")
cmdFlags.BoolVar(&flagUpgrade, "upgrade", false, "")
cmdFlags.Var(&flagPluginPath, "plugin-dir", "plugin directory")
cmdFlags.BoolVar(&flagVerifyPlugins, "verify-plugins", true, "verify plugins")
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cmdFlags.Usage = func() { c.Ui.Error(c.Help()) }
if err := cmdFlags.Parse(args); err != nil {
return 1
}
if len(flagPluginPath) > 0 {
c.pluginPath = flagPluginPath
c.getPlugins = false
}
// set providerInstaller if we don't have a test version already
if c.providerInstaller == nil {
c.providerInstaller = &discovery.ProviderInstaller{
Dir: c.pluginDir(),
Cache: c.pluginCache(),
PluginProtocolVersion: plugin.Handshake.ProtocolVersion,
SkipVerify: !flagVerifyPlugins,
Ui: c.Ui,
}
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}
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// Validate the arg count
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args = cmdFlags.Args()
if len(args) > 1 {
c.Ui.Error("The init command expects at most one argument.\n")
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cmdFlags.Usage()
return 1
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}
if err := c.storePluginPath(c.pluginPath); err != nil {
c.Ui.Error(fmt.Sprintf("Error saving -plugin-path values: %s", err))
return 1
}
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// Get our pwd. We don't always need it but always getting it is easier
// than the logic to determine if it is or isn't needed.
pwd, err := os.Getwd()
if err != nil {
c.Ui.Error(fmt.Sprintf("Error getting pwd: %s", err))
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return 1
}
// If an argument is provided then it overrides our working directory.
path := pwd
if len(args) == 1 {
path = args[0]
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}
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// This will track whether we outputted anything so that we know whether
// to output a newline before the success message
var header bool
if flagFromModule != "" {
src := flagFromModule
empty, err := config.IsEmptyDir(path)
if err != nil {
c.Ui.Error(fmt.Sprintf("Error validating destination directory: %s", err))
return 1
}
if !empty {
c.Ui.Error(strings.TrimSpace(errInitCopyNotEmpty))
return 1
}
c.Ui.Output(c.Colorize().Color(fmt.Sprintf(
"[reset][bold]Copying configuration[reset] from %q...", src,
)))
header = true
s := module.NewStorage("", c.Services, c.Credentials)
if err := s.GetModule(path, src); err != nil {
c.Ui.Error(fmt.Sprintf("Error copying source module: %s", err))
return 1
}
}
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// If our directory is empty, then we're done. We can't get or setup
// the backend with an empty directory.
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if empty, err := config.IsEmptyDir(path); err != nil {
c.Ui.Error(fmt.Sprintf(
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"Error checking configuration: %s", err))
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return 1
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} else if empty {
c.Ui.Output(c.Colorize().Color(strings.TrimSpace(outputInitEmpty)))
return 0
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}
var back backend.Backend
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// If we're performing a get or loading the backend, then we perform
// some extra tasks.
if flagGet || flagBackend {
conf, err := c.Config(path)
if err != nil {
// Since this may be the user's first ever interaction with Terraform,
// we'll provide some additional context in this case.
c.Ui.Error(strings.TrimSpace(errInitConfigError))
c.showDiagnostics(err)
return 1
}
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// If we requested downloading modules and have modules in the config
if flagGet && len(conf.Modules) > 0 {
header = true
getMode := module.GetModeGet
if flagUpgrade {
getMode = module.GetModeUpdate
c.Ui.Output(c.Colorize().Color(fmt.Sprintf(
"[reset][bold]Upgrading modules...")))
} else {
c.Ui.Output(c.Colorize().Color(fmt.Sprintf(
"[reset][bold]Initializing modules...")))
}
if err := getModules(&c.Meta, path, getMode); err != nil {
c.Ui.Error(fmt.Sprintf(
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"Error downloading modules: %s", err))
return 1
}
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}
// If we're requesting backend configuration or looking for required
// plugins, load the backend
if flagBackend {
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header = true
// Only output that we're initializing a backend if we have
// something in the config. We can be UNSETTING a backend as well
// in which case we choose not to show this.
if conf.Terraform != nil && conf.Terraform.Backend != nil {
c.Ui.Output(c.Colorize().Color(fmt.Sprintf(
"\n[reset][bold]Initializing the backend...")))
}
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opts := &BackendOpts{
Config: conf,
ConfigExtra: flagConfigExtra,
Init: true,
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}
if back, err = c.Backend(opts); err != nil {
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c.Ui.Error(err.Error())
return 1
}
}
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}
if back == nil {
// If we didn't initialize a backend then we'll try to at least
// instantiate one. This might fail if it wasn't already initalized
// by a previous run, so we must still expect that "back" may be nil
// in code that follows.
back, err = c.Backend(nil)
if err != nil {
// This is fine. We'll proceed with no backend, then.
back = nil
}
}
var state *terraform.State
// If we have a functional backend (either just initialized or initialized
// on a previous run) we'll use the current state as a potential source
// of provider dependencies.
if back != nil {
sMgr, err := back.State(c.Workspace())
if err != nil {
c.Ui.Error(fmt.Sprintf(
"Error loading state: %s", err))
return 1
}
if err := sMgr.RefreshState(); err != nil {
c.Ui.Error(fmt.Sprintf(
"Error refreshing state: %s", err))
return 1
}
state = sMgr.State()
}
if v := os.Getenv(ProviderSkipVerifyEnvVar); v != "" {
c.ignorePluginChecksum = true
}
// Now that we have loaded all modules, check the module tree for missing providers.
err = c.getProviders(path, state, flagUpgrade)
if err != nil {
// this function provides its own output
log.Printf("[ERROR] %s", err)
return 1
}
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// If we outputted information, then we need to output a newline
// so that our success message is nicely spaced out from prior text.
if header {
c.Ui.Output("")
}
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c.Ui.Output(c.Colorize().Color(strings.TrimSpace(outputInitSuccess)))
cli: allow disabling "next steps" message in terraform plan In #15884 we adjusted the plan output to give an explicit command to run to apply a plan, whereas before this command was just alluded to in the prose. Since releasing that, we've got good feedback that it's confusing to include such instructions when Terraform is running in a workflow automation tool, because such tools usually abstract away exactly what commands are run and require users to take different actions to proceed through the workflow. To accommodate such environments while retaining helpful messages for normal CLI usage, here we introduce a new environment variable TF_IN_AUTOMATION which, when set to a non-empty value, is a hint to Terraform that it isn't being run in an interactive command shell and it should thus tone down the "next steps" messaging. The documentation for this setting is included as part of the "...in automation" guide since it's not generally useful in other cases. We also intentionally disclaim comprehensive support for this since we want to avoid creating an extreme number of "if running in automation..." codepaths that would increase the testing matrix and hurt maintainability. The focus is specifically on the output of the three commands we give in the automation guide, which at present means the following two situations: * "terraform init" does not include the final paragraphs that suggest running "terraform plan" and tell you in what situations you might need to re-run "terraform init". * "terraform plan" does not include the final paragraphs that either warn about not specifying "-out=..." or instruct to run "terraform apply" with the generated plan file.
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if !c.RunningInAutomation {
// If we're not running in an automation wrapper, give the user
// some more detailed next steps that are appropriate for interactive
// shell usage.
c.Ui.Output(c.Colorize().Color(strings.TrimSpace(outputInitSuccessCLI)))
}
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return 0
}
// Load the complete module tree, and fetch any missing providers.
// This method outputs its own Ui.
func (c *InitCommand) getProviders(path string, state *terraform.State, upgrade bool) error {
mod, err := c.Module(path)
if err != nil {
c.Ui.Error(fmt.Sprintf("Error getting plugins: %s", err))
return err
}
if diags := mod.Validate(); diags.HasErrors() {
err := diags.Err()
c.Ui.Error(fmt.Sprintf("Error getting plugins: %s", err))
return err
}
if err := terraform.CheckRequiredVersion(mod); err != nil {
c.Ui.Error(err.Error())
return err
}
var available discovery.PluginMetaSet
if upgrade {
// If we're in upgrade mode, we ignore any auto-installed plugins
// in "available", causing us to reinstall and possibly upgrade them.
available = c.providerPluginManuallyInstalledSet()
} else {
available = c.providerPluginSet()
}
requirements := terraform.ModuleTreeDependencies(mod, state).AllPluginRequirements()
if len(requirements) == 0 {
// nothing to initialize
return nil
}
c.Ui.Output(c.Colorize().Color(
"\n[reset][bold]Initializing provider plugins...",
))
missing := c.missingPlugins(available, requirements)
internal := c.internalProviders()
var errs error
if c.getPlugins {
if len(missing) > 0 {
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c.Ui.Output(fmt.Sprintf("- Checking for available provider plugins on %s...",
discovery.GetReleaseHost()))
}
for provider, reqd := range missing {
if _, isInternal := internal[provider]; isInternal {
// Ignore internal providers; they are not eligible for
// installation.
continue
}
_, err := c.providerInstaller.Get(provider, reqd.Versions)
if err != nil {
switch err {
case discovery.ErrorNoSuchProvider:
c.Ui.Error(fmt.Sprintf(errProviderNotFound, provider, DefaultPluginVendorDir))
case discovery.ErrorNoSuitableVersion:
if reqd.Versions.Unconstrained() {
// This should never happen, but might crop up if we catch
// the releases server in a weird state where the provider's
// directory is present but does not yet contain any
// versions. We'll treat it like ErrorNoSuchProvider, then.
c.Ui.Error(fmt.Sprintf(errProviderNotFound, provider, DefaultPluginVendorDir))
} else {
c.Ui.Error(fmt.Sprintf(errProviderVersionsUnsuitable, provider, reqd.Versions))
}
case discovery.ErrorNoVersionCompatible:
// FIXME: This error message is sub-awesome because we don't
// have enough information here to tell the user which versions
// we considered and which versions might be compatible.
constraint := reqd.Versions.String()
if constraint == "" {
constraint = "(any version)"
}
c.Ui.Error(fmt.Sprintf(errProviderIncompatible, provider, constraint))
default:
c.Ui.Error(fmt.Sprintf(errProviderInstallError, provider, err.Error(), DefaultPluginVendorDir))
}
errs = multierror.Append(errs, err)
}
}
if errs != nil {
return errs
}
} else if len(missing) > 0 {
// we have missing providers, but aren't going to try and download them
var lines []string
for provider, reqd := range missing {
if reqd.Versions.Unconstrained() {
lines = append(lines, fmt.Sprintf("* %s (any version)\n", provider))
} else {
lines = append(lines, fmt.Sprintf("* %s (%s)\n", provider, reqd.Versions))
}
errs = multierror.Append(errs, fmt.Errorf("missing provider %q", provider))
}
sort.Strings(lines)
c.Ui.Error(fmt.Sprintf(errMissingProvidersNoInstall, strings.Join(lines, ""), DefaultPluginVendorDir))
return errs
}
// With all the providers downloaded, we'll generate our lock file
// that ensures the provider binaries remain unchanged until we init
// again. If anything changes, other commands that use providers will
// fail with an error instructing the user to re-run this command.
available = c.providerPluginSet() // re-discover to see newly-installed plugins
chosen := choosePlugins(available, internal, requirements)
digests := map[string][]byte{}
for name, meta := range chosen {
digest, err := meta.SHA256()
if err != nil {
c.Ui.Error(fmt.Sprintf("failed to read provider plugin %s: %s", meta.Path, err))
return err
}
digests[name] = digest
if c.ignorePluginChecksum {
digests[name] = nil
}
}
err = c.providerPluginsLock().Write(digests)
if err != nil {
c.Ui.Error(fmt.Sprintf("failed to save provider manifest: %s", err))
return err
}
{
// Purge any auto-installed plugins that aren't being used.
purged, err := c.providerInstaller.PurgeUnused(chosen)
if err != nil {
// Failure to purge old plugins is not a fatal error
c.Ui.Warn(fmt.Sprintf("failed to purge unused plugins: %s", err))
}
if purged != nil {
for meta := range purged {
log.Printf("[DEBUG] Purged unused %s plugin %s", meta.Name, meta.Path)
}
}
}
// If any providers have "floating" versions (completely unconstrained)
// we'll suggest the user constrain with a pessimistic constraint to
// avoid implicitly adopting a later major release.
constraintSuggestions := make(map[string]discovery.ConstraintStr)
for name, meta := range chosen {
req := requirements[name]
if req == nil {
// should never happen, but we don't want to crash here, so we'll
// be cautious.
continue
}
if req.Versions.Unconstrained() && meta.Version != discovery.VersionZero {
// meta.Version.MustParse is safe here because our "chosen" metas
// were already filtered for validity of versions.
constraintSuggestions[name] = meta.Version.MustParse().MinorUpgradeConstraintStr()
}
}
if len(constraintSuggestions) != 0 {
names := make([]string, 0, len(constraintSuggestions))
for name := range constraintSuggestions {
names = append(names, name)
}
sort.Strings(names)
c.Ui.Output(outputInitProvidersUnconstrained)
for _, name := range names {
c.Ui.Output(fmt.Sprintf("* provider.%s: version = %q", name, constraintSuggestions[name]))
}
}
return nil
}
func (c *InitCommand) AutocompleteArgs() complete.Predictor {
return complete.PredictDirs("")
}
func (c *InitCommand) AutocompleteFlags() complete.Flags {
return complete.Flags{
"-backend": completePredictBoolean,
"-backend-config": complete.PredictFiles("*.tfvars"), // can also be key=value, but we can't "predict" that
"-force-copy": complete.PredictNothing,
"-from-module": completePredictModuleSource,
"-get": completePredictBoolean,
"-get-plugins": completePredictBoolean,
"-input": completePredictBoolean,
"-lock": completePredictBoolean,
"-lock-timeout": complete.PredictAnything,
"-no-color": complete.PredictNothing,
"-plugin-dir": complete.PredictDirs(""),
"-reconfigure": complete.PredictNothing,
"-upgrade": completePredictBoolean,
"-verify-plugins": completePredictBoolean,
}
}
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func (c *InitCommand) Help() string {
helpText := `
Usage: terraform init [options] [DIR]
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Initialize a new or existing Terraform working directory by creating
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initial files, loading any remote state, downloading modules, etc.
This is the first command that should be run for any new or existing
Terraform configuration per machine. This sets up all the local data
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necessary to run Terraform that is typically not committed to version
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control.
This command is always safe to run multiple times. Though subsequent runs
may give errors, this command will never delete your configuration or
state. Even so, if you have important information, please back it up prior
to running this command, just in case.
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If no arguments are given, the configuration in this working directory
is initialized.
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Options:
-backend=true Configure the backend for this configuration.
-backend-config=path This can be either a path to an HCL file with key/value
assignments (same format as terraform.tfvars) or a
'key=value' format. This is merged with what is in the
configuration file. This can be specified multiple
times. The backend type must be in the configuration
itself.
-force-copy Suppress prompts about copying state data. This is
equivalent to providing a "yes" to all confirmation
prompts.
-from-module=SOURCE Copy the contents of the given module into the target
directory before initialization.
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-get=true Download any modules for this configuration.
-get-plugins=true Download any missing plugins for this configuration.
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-input=true Ask for input if necessary. If false, will error if
input was required.
-lock=true Lock the state file when locking is supported.
-lock-timeout=0s Duration to retry a state lock.
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-no-color If specified, output won't contain any color.
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-plugin-dir Directory containing plugin binaries. This overrides all
default search paths for plugins, and prevents the
automatic installation of plugins. This flag can be used
multiple times.
-reconfigure Reconfigure the backend, ignoring any saved
configuration.
-upgrade=false If installing modules (-get) or plugins (-get-plugins),
ignore previously-downloaded objects and install the
latest version allowed within configured constraints.
-verify-plugins=true Verify the authenticity and integrity of automatically
downloaded plugins.
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`
return strings.TrimSpace(helpText)
}
func (c *InitCommand) Synopsis() string {
return "Initialize a Terraform working directory"
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}
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const errInitConfigError = `
There are some problems with the configuration, described below.
The Terraform configuration must be valid before initialization so that
Terraform can determine which modules and providers need to be installed.
`
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const errInitCopyNotEmpty = `
The working directory already contains files. The -from-module option requires
an empty directory into which a copy of the referenced module will be placed.
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To initialize the configuration already in this working directory, omit the
-from-module option.
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`
const outputInitEmpty = `
[reset][bold]Terraform initialized in an empty directory![reset]
The directory has no Terraform configuration files. You may begin working
with Terraform immediately by creating Terraform configuration files.
`
const outputInitSuccess = `
[reset][bold][green]Terraform has been successfully initialized![reset][green]
cli: allow disabling "next steps" message in terraform plan In #15884 we adjusted the plan output to give an explicit command to run to apply a plan, whereas before this command was just alluded to in the prose. Since releasing that, we've got good feedback that it's confusing to include such instructions when Terraform is running in a workflow automation tool, because such tools usually abstract away exactly what commands are run and require users to take different actions to proceed through the workflow. To accommodate such environments while retaining helpful messages for normal CLI usage, here we introduce a new environment variable TF_IN_AUTOMATION which, when set to a non-empty value, is a hint to Terraform that it isn't being run in an interactive command shell and it should thus tone down the "next steps" messaging. The documentation for this setting is included as part of the "...in automation" guide since it's not generally useful in other cases. We also intentionally disclaim comprehensive support for this since we want to avoid creating an extreme number of "if running in automation..." codepaths that would increase the testing matrix and hurt maintainability. The focus is specifically on the output of the three commands we give in the automation guide, which at present means the following two situations: * "terraform init" does not include the final paragraphs that suggest running "terraform plan" and tell you in what situations you might need to re-run "terraform init". * "terraform plan" does not include the final paragraphs that either warn about not specifying "-out=..." or instruct to run "terraform apply" with the generated plan file.
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`
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cli: allow disabling "next steps" message in terraform plan In #15884 we adjusted the plan output to give an explicit command to run to apply a plan, whereas before this command was just alluded to in the prose. Since releasing that, we've got good feedback that it's confusing to include such instructions when Terraform is running in a workflow automation tool, because such tools usually abstract away exactly what commands are run and require users to take different actions to proceed through the workflow. To accommodate such environments while retaining helpful messages for normal CLI usage, here we introduce a new environment variable TF_IN_AUTOMATION which, when set to a non-empty value, is a hint to Terraform that it isn't being run in an interactive command shell and it should thus tone down the "next steps" messaging. The documentation for this setting is included as part of the "...in automation" guide since it's not generally useful in other cases. We also intentionally disclaim comprehensive support for this since we want to avoid creating an extreme number of "if running in automation..." codepaths that would increase the testing matrix and hurt maintainability. The focus is specifically on the output of the three commands we give in the automation guide, which at present means the following two situations: * "terraform init" does not include the final paragraphs that suggest running "terraform plan" and tell you in what situations you might need to re-run "terraform init". * "terraform plan" does not include the final paragraphs that either warn about not specifying "-out=..." or instruct to run "terraform apply" with the generated plan file.
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const outputInitSuccessCLI = `[reset][green]
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You may now begin working with Terraform. Try running "terraform plan" to see
any changes that are required for your infrastructure. All Terraform commands
should now work.
If you ever set or change modules or backend configuration for Terraform,
rerun this command to reinitialize your working directory. If you forget, other
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commands will detect it and remind you to do so if necessary.
`
const outputInitProvidersUnconstrained = `
The following providers do not have any version constraints in configuration,
so the latest version was installed.
To prevent automatic upgrades to new major versions that may contain breaking
changes, it is recommended to add version = "..." constraints to the
corresponding provider blocks in configuration, with the constraint strings
suggested below.
`
const errProviderNotFound = `
[reset][bold][red]Provider %[1]q not available for installation.[reset][red]
A provider named %[1]q could not be found in the official repository.
This may result from mistyping the provider name, or the given provider may
be a third-party provider that cannot be installed automatically.
In the latter case, the plugin must be installed manually by locating and
downloading a suitable distribution package and placing the plugin's executable
file in the following directory:
%[2]s
Terraform detects necessary plugins by inspecting the configuration and state.
To view the provider versions requested by each module, run
"terraform providers".
`
const errProviderVersionsUnsuitable = `
[reset][bold][red]No provider %[1]q plugins meet the constraint %[2]q.[reset][red]
The version constraint is derived from the "version" argument within the
provider %[1]q block in configuration. Child modules may also apply
provider version constraints. To view the provider versions requested by each
module in the current configuration, run "terraform providers".
To proceed, the version constraints for this provider must be relaxed by
either adjusting or removing the "version" argument in the provider blocks
throughout the configuration.
`
const errProviderIncompatible = `
[reset][bold][red]No available provider %[1]q plugins are compatible with this Terraform version.[reset][red]
From time to time, new Terraform major releases can change the requirements for
plugins such that older plugins become incompatible.
Terraform checked all of the plugin versions matching the given constraint:
%[2]s
Unfortunately, none of the suitable versions are compatible with this version
of Terraform. If you have recently upgraded Terraform, it may be necessary to
move to a newer major release of this provider. Alternatively, if you are
attempting to upgrade the provider to a new major version you may need to
also upgrade Terraform to support the new version.
Consult the documentation for this provider for more information on
compatibility between provider versions and Terraform versions.
`
const errProviderInstallError = `
[reset][bold][red]Error installing provider %[1]q: %[2]s.[reset][red]
Terraform analyses the configuration and state and automatically downloads
plugins for the providers used. However, when attempting to download this
plugin an unexpected error occured.
This may be caused if for some reason Terraform is unable to reach the
plugin repository. The repository may be unreachable if access is blocked
by a firewall.
If automatic installation is not possible or desirable in your environment,
you may alternatively manually install plugins by downloading a suitable
distribution package and placing the plugin's executable file in the
following directory:
%[3]s
`
const errMissingProvidersNoInstall = `
[reset][bold][red]Missing required providers.[reset][red]
The following provider constraints are not met by the currently-installed
provider plugins:
%[1]s
Terraform can automatically download and install plugins to meet the given
constraints, but this step was skipped due to the use of -get-plugins=false
and/or -plugin-dir on the command line.
If automatic installation is not possible or desirable in your environment,
you may manually install plugins by downloading a suitable distribution package
and placing the plugin's executable file in one of the directories given in
by -plugin-dir on the command line, or in the following directory if custom
plugin directories are not set:
%[2]s
`