diff --git a/providers/resolver.go b/providers/resolver.go
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..4de8e0acd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/providers/resolver.go
@@ -0,0 +1,112 @@
+package providers
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+
+	"github.com/hashicorp/terraform/plugin/discovery"
+)
+
+// Resolver is an interface implemented by objects that are able to resolve
+// a given set of resource provider version constraints into Factory
+// callbacks.
+type Resolver interface {
+	// Given a constraint map, return a Factory for each requested provider.
+	// If some or all of the constraints cannot be satisfied, return a non-nil
+	// slice of errors describing the problems.
+	ResolveProviders(reqd discovery.PluginRequirements) (map[string]Factory, []error)
+}
+
+// ResolverFunc wraps a callback function and turns it into a Resolver
+// implementation, for convenience in situations where a function and its
+// associated closure are sufficient as a resolver implementation.
+type ResolverFunc func(reqd discovery.PluginRequirements) (map[string]Factory, []error)
+
+// ResolveProviders implements Resolver by calling the
+// wrapped function.
+func (f ResolverFunc) ResolveProviders(reqd discovery.PluginRequirements) (map[string]Factory, []error) {
+	return f(reqd)
+}
+
+// ResolverFixed returns a Resolver that has a fixed set of provider factories
+// provided by the caller. The returned resolver ignores version constraints
+// entirely and just returns the given factory for each requested provider
+// name.
+//
+// This function is primarily used in tests, to provide mock providers or
+// in-process providers under test.
+func ResolverFixed(factories map[string]Factory) Resolver {
+	return ResolverFunc(func(reqd discovery.PluginRequirements) (map[string]Factory, []error) {
+		ret := make(map[string]Factory, len(reqd))
+		var errs []error
+		for name := range reqd {
+			if factory, exists := factories[name]; exists {
+				ret[name] = factory
+			} else {
+				errs = append(errs, fmt.Errorf("provider %q is not available", name))
+			}
+		}
+		return ret, errs
+	})
+}
+
+// Factory is a function type that creates a new instance of a resource
+// provider, or returns an error if that is impossible.
+type Factory func() (Interface, error)
+
+// FactoryFixed is a helper that creates a Factory that just returns some given
+// single provider.
+//
+// Unlike usual factories, the exact same instance is returned for each call
+// to the factory and so this must be used in only specialized situations where
+// the caller can take care to either not mutate the given provider at all
+// or to mutate it in ways that will not cause unexpected behavior for others
+// holding the same reference.
+func FactoryFixed(p Interface) Factory {
+	return func() (Interface, error) {
+		return p, nil
+	}
+}
+
+// ProviderHasResource is a helper that requests schema from the given provider
+// and checks if it has a resource type of the given name.
+//
+// This function is more expensive than it may first appear since it must
+// retrieve the entire schema from the underlying provider, and so it should
+// be used sparingly and especially not in tight loops.
+//
+// Since retrieving the provider may fail (e.g. if the provider is accessed
+// over an RPC channel that has operational problems), this function will
+// return false if the schema cannot be retrieved, under the assumption that
+// a subsequent call to do anything with the resource type would fail
+// anyway.
+func ProviderHasResource(provider Interface, typeName string) bool {
+	resp := provider.GetSchema()
+	if resp.Diagnostics.HasErrors() {
+		return false
+	}
+
+	_, exists := resp.ResourceTypes[typeName]
+	return exists
+}
+
+// ProviderHasDataSource is a helper that requests schema from the given
+// provider and checks if it has a data source of the given name.
+//
+// This function is more expensive than it may first appear since it must
+// retrieve the entire schema from the underlying provider, and so it should
+// be used sparingly and especially not in tight loops.
+//
+// Since retrieving the provider may fail (e.g. if the provider is accessed
+// over an RPC channel that has operational problems), this function will
+// return false if the schema cannot be retrieved, under the assumption that
+// a subsequent call to do anything with the data source would fail
+// anyway.
+func ProviderHasDataSource(provider Interface, dataSourceName string) bool {
+	resp := provider.GetSchema()
+	if resp.Diagnostics.HasErrors() {
+		return false
+	}
+
+	_, exists := resp.DataSources[dataSourceName]
+	return exists
+}