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---
layout: "docs"
page_title: "Internals: Resource Address"
sidebar_current: "docs-internals-resource-addressing"
description: |-
Resource addressing is used to target specific resources in a larger
infrastructure.
---
# Resource Addressing
A __Resource Address__ is a string that references a specific resource in a
larger infrastructure. An address is made up of two parts:
```
[module path][resource spec]
```
## Module path
A module path addresses a module within the tree of modules. It takes the form:
```
module.module_name[module index]
```
* `module` - Module keyword indicating a child module (non-root). Multiple `module`
keywords in a path indicate nesting.
* `module_name` - User-defined name of the module.
* `[module index]` - (Optional) [Index](#index-values-for-modules-and-resources) into a
module with multiple instances, surrounded by square brace characters (`[` and `]`).
An address without a resource spec, i.e. `module.foo` applies to every resource within
the module if a single module, or all instances of a module if a module has multiple instances.
To address all resources of a particular module instance, include the module index in the address,
such as `module.foo[0]`.
If the module path is omitted, the address applies to the root module.
An example of the `module` keyword delineating between two modules that have multiple instances:
```
module.foo[0].module.bar["a"]
```
-> Module index only applies to modules in Terraform v0.13 or later, as in earlier
versions of Terraform, a module could not have multiple instances.
## Resource spec
A resource spec addresses a specific resource in the config. It takes the form:
```
resource_type.resource_name[resource index]
```
* `resource_type` - Type of the resource being addressed.
* `resource_name` - User-defined name of the resource.
* `[resource index]` - (Optional) [Index](#index-values-for-modules-and-resources)
into a resource with multiple instances, surrounded by square brace characters (`[` and `]`).
-> In Terraform v0.12 and later, a resource spec without a module path prefix
matches only resources in the root module. In earlier versions, a resource spec
without a module path prefix will match resources with the same type and name
in any descendent module.
## Index values for Modules and Resources
The following specifications apply to index values on modules and resources with multiple instances:
* `[N]` where `N` is a `0`-based numerical index into a resource with multiple
instances specified by the `count` meta-argument. Omitting an index when
addressing a resource where `count > 1` means that the address references
all instances.
* `["INDEX"]` where `INDEX` is a alphanumerical key index into a resource with
multiple instances specified by the `for_each` meta-argument.
## Examples
### count Example
Given a Terraform config that includes:
```hcl
resource "aws_instance" "web" {
# ...
count = 4
}
```
An address like this:
```
aws_instance.web[3]
```
Refers to only the last instance in the config, and an address like this:
```
aws_instance.web
```
Refers to all four "web" instances.
### for_each Example
Given a Terraform config that includes:
```hcl
resource "aws_instance" "web" {
# ...
for_each = {
"terraform": "value1",
"resource": "value2",
"indexing": "value3",
"example": "value4",
}
}
```
An address like this:
```
aws_instance.web["example"]
```
Refers to only the "example" instance in the config.